[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
hy·men [ˈhaɪmɛn]:
origin: [1610] French (via medical Latin); syu-men= to sew or bind.

noun (hymenal, adjective)
1. Originally the Greek God of marriage (also Hymenaios or Hymenaeus), mentioned in many Shakespearian plays, and imbued with several origins.

In one: Hymen was a beautiful youth in love with a nobel woman whom he couldn't marry. Instead, he followed her everywhere out of devotion, going so far as to disguise himself as a woman during a "female only" ceremony.

When that group of women, including himself (in drag), and his crush, were kidnapped, Hymen eventually rallied the women to overpower their captors and return to Athens to gain freedom. Hymen struck a bargain to marry one of the captured women as a form of gratitude and thus won the hand of his beloved! Despite their different backgrounds that would've forever separated them otherwise, the marriage became one of famous happiness among citizens Thus, festivals in his honor and the association with marriage. It is said that by calling his name at a ceremony, one "invites" Hymen to attend, in order to secure a prosperous union.

the second definition has to do with female anatomy )


Hymen (left) and Cupid (right) with the flame of love.

[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
wit·zel·sucht [vit´sel-zo̳kt]:
origin: (1929) German; witzeln= to affect + Sucht= mania.

noun
Do you know someone who makes jokes at the most inappropriate times?

A person pulling puns until you want to punt them?

It's possible they actually suffer from a mental disorder! Witzelsucht is a frontal lobe disorder (caused by tumor or lesion) that exhibits: a bleak sense of humor and/or obsessively telling bad puns, pointless rambling stories, and being friendly or enthusiastic nearly to the point of hysteria. In rarer cases, they also exhibit hyper-sexuality and their words can take on inappropriate sexual references.

However, those who suffer from the condition are unlikely to laugh at other people's jokes.

So...sort of like Beetlejuice, The Joker, or Deadpool.



In short, Witzelsucht can be summed up as "joke addiction".

[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
lith·o·pe·di·on [lith′əpē′dē·ən]:
origin: (10th Century by Al-Zahrawi) Greek [λίθος παιδίον]; lithos= stone + paidion= child.

noun
"Stone Baby"

A very rare medical condition describing a fossilized infant found inside of a female patient.

This occurs when a child dies from ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the womb), yet the fetus is too large to simply be reabsorbed by the body, and so a protective layer of calcium forms to separate the biological tissues and prevent infection to the mother; ostembryon; calcified fetus.

Eventually the entire corpse ossifies and may not be discovered until many years later. It's usually found during a full medical examination or from X-ray. This article describes a 92 year old woman "giving birth" to her 60 year old child, under just such circumstances.


Less than 300 cases have ever been recorded.

[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
fomite:

noun:  A fomite is any object (like a dish, a doorknob, or a phone) that is capable of being contaminated with infectious organisms and transmitting them from person to person.

etymology:  First known use in English was in the early 1800s.  Originated from Italian physician Girolamo Fracastoro's use of the Latin word fomes (meaning tinder) in this context in an essay he wrote on contagion in 1546. The plural for fomes is fomites, which is how the modern English singular "fomite" developed.
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[personal profile] med_cat
rheology,n. rhe·ol·o·gy \rē-ˈä-lə-jē\

: a science dealing with the deformation and flow of matter; also : the ability to flow or be deformed

First use: 1929

Etymology:

Greek, rheo-, flow, and -ology, science.

Examples:

Rheology of the Cerebral Circulation; The Rheology of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (titles of articles)

"These foundations, along with the additional strides made in the understanding of rheology, cerebral oxygen transport, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) augmentation, led to the formalization of
the concept of hyperdynamic therapy."  (from "Hemodilution and Fluid Management in Neurosurgery")
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[personal profile] med_cat
Took a class today, and I bring you a word mentioned during the class:

proprioception

[prō′prē ə seps̸hən]




noun

Physiol. the normal awareness of one's posture, movement, balance, and location based on the sensations received by the proprioceptors
Webster's New World College Dictionary Copyright © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.
Used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


proprioception






Noun

(countable and uncountable, plural proprioceptions)


  1. The sense of the position of parts of the body, relative to other neighbouring parts of the body.

Origin

From Latin proprius (“one's own").
~~
In other words, what is sometimes referred to as "sixth sense" in medicine--if you close your eyes, you can still describe if you're sitting or standing, and how your legs or arms are positioned. That's proprioception.

[identity profile] prettygoodword.livejournal.com
nyctalopia (nik-tl-OH-pee-uh) - n., inability to see clearly in low light, night-blindness.


This can be caused by several conditions, including vitamin A deficiency, cataracts, and retinal disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa, in which the rod cells in the retina lose their effectiveness. If you find your eyes taking an abnormally long time to adjust to coming into a dark room, get it checked out. Contrast with the much rarer hemeralopia, where vision is normal in dim light but abnormally poor in the bright light of day. From medical Latin, from Greek nuktalōps, night-blind, from nux (in the combining form nukt-), night + alaos, blind + ōps, eye.

Our ability to meet was hindered by her nyctalopia, which made it impossible for her to drive after sunset.

---L.
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[personal profile] med_cat

5. The small, triangular pink bump on the inside corner of each eye is called the caruncula. It contains sweat and oil glands that produce rheum, also known as "eye crispies," "sleep," and "tear rocks."

Source: 12 enjoyable names for relatively common things, from Mental Floss--do check out the other words on this list, too!

[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
ranine: (rā'nīn')

adjective:

1.  Relating to or characteristic of frogs.

2. (In medicine) Of or relating to the region beneath the tip of the tongue; specifically : constituting the branch of the lingual artery supplying this region or the corresponding vein which is a tributary of the facial vein

Origin: Latin rana "frog" + English -ine

(Sorry I missed last week... sick!)
[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
mi·so·pho·nia [mis-oh-foh-niă]:
origin: [2001] Pawel & Margaret Jastreboff, (Polish neuroscientists residing in NYC); + phonic= of or related to sound

noun (adj: misophonic)

Nails on a chalkboard. Clipping fingernails. Loud chewing or popping gum.

Crinkling a bag of potato chips in a movie theatre. Incessant tapping of fingers or feet.


If any of these things trigger a negative or angry response in your system, then you have a sense of what it's like to suffer from misophonia = the fear or hatred of sound.

Same idea if your pet is hearing fireworks or the vacuum and it instantly sends them under furniture. Humans who suffer badly from misophonic responses have a similar feeling of intense panic or a flight-or-fight response to what is normally considered normal stimuli. *See also: phonophobia & hyperacusis = a common symptom of migraine headaches, as one example.

This NYT article details the differences between extreme suffers vs. more commonplace annoyances, the lack of a cure for misophonia, and why a specific diagnosis is necessary instead of just the general classification of depression, anxiety, OCD, that suffers are often also placed into. Many people assume something is wrong with their hearing, but the response stems from the brain, and some find it is Pavlovian in origin; research continues. There are ways to diagnose and combat misophonia with coping mechanisms, so don't give up hope if you suspect you're a sufferer!



What's a sound that annoys you?


[identity profile] prettygoodword.livejournal.com
rhytidectomy (rit-i-DEK-tuh-mee) - n., the surgical removal of facial wrinkles.


The technical medical term for a face-lift -- which, if you've ever been curious about it, involves removing some skin and pulling the rest tighter, a fairly tricky procedure, given the skin isn't flat and you have to redrape it over the flesh beneath. Which vastly oversimplifies current processes and techniques, but this is a lexical blog not a medical journal. Suffice it to say, coined around 1930 from Greek rhytid-, the stem form of rhytís, wrinkle + ec-, a form of ex-, out/away + tomia, cutting.

With Botox or the ever-popular rhytidectomy, the patina of age can be polished away -- at least for a brief time.

---L.
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
(Not to be confused with paraphilia as google was so determined to do!)

Paraphia: [pa·ra·phia]

Noun:  In medical terminology, any disorder of the sense of touch.  Also called parapsia. A blanket term for any number of things that could be wrong.

Etymology: Greek.  para, apart from or against + haphē, touch
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
polystichia: (pŏl'ē-stĭk'ē-ə)

Noun: Medical:
An abnormal arrangement of the eyelashes in two or more rows on the eyelid.

(I couldn't find any pictures of this phenomenon!)
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[personal profile] med_cat
ni·dus, noun \ˈnī-dəs\
plural ni·di or ni·dus·es

1: a nest or breeding place; especially : a place or substance in an animal or plant where bacteria or other organisms lodge and multiply
2: a place where something originates, develops, or is located

Example:

<a type of contact lens that proved to be a nidus of infection>

Etymology:
New Latin, from Latin
First Known Use: 1742
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[personal profile] med_cat
con·flu·ent adjective

1: flowing or coming together; also : run together
2: characterized by confluent lesions

A term one sees in dermatology, or in infectious diseases textbooks; for example, a severe form of smallpox is characterized by the formation of confluent pustules.

Etymology:
Middle English, from Latin confluent-, confluens, present participle of confluere to flow together, from com- + fluere to flow

First Known Use: 15th century
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[personal profile] med_cat
an·os·mia noun \a-ˈnäz-mē-ə\

: loss or impairment of the sense of smell
an·os·mic adjective

Etymology:
New Latin, from a- + Greek osmē smell

First Known Use: 1797
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[personal profile] med_cat
An inability to concentrate on anything.

Etymology:

Greek, a-, without + prosechein, to pay attention to.

There are also hyperprosexia and paraprosexia, which you can read about here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperprosexia
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[personal profile] med_cat
ec·chy·mo·sis noun \ˌe-ki-ˈmō-səs\
plural ec·chy·mo·ses

A bruise.
— ec·chy·mot·ic adjective

Etymology:
New Latin, from Greek ekchymōsis, from ekchymousthai to extravasate blood, from ex- + chymos juice
First Known Use: 1541

Example: Multiple areas of ecchymosis seen on both arms.
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[personal profile] med_cat
We can always use more x-words, don't you think? ;) And I never knew the etymology of this word till I ran across this info, earlier this year:
~~

18. Xiphoid // Sword shaped

Wikimedia Commons

From the Greek xiphos for sword. If you prefer Latin roots, there’s ensiform (from Latin ensis). The little piece of pointy cartilage at the bottom of your sternum where the lowest ribs meet is called the xiphoid process.
~~
Example:

During CPR, the hands should be positioned mid-sternum, well above the xiphoid process.

Do check out the list where this came from: 18 Fancy Words for Specific Shapes by Mental Floss--some great scientific and medical words there.

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[personal profile] med_cat
Another pair of medical terms this time:

Ipsilateral: situated or appearing on or affecting the same side of the body

Etymology:

International Scientific Vocabulary, from Latin ipse self, himself + later-, latus side

First Known Use: 1907

Contralateral: occurring on or acting in conjunction with a part on the opposite side of the body

Etymology:

International Scientific Vocabulary, from Latin contra, opposite + later-, latus side

First Known Use: 1882

Example (from the text on spinal cord injuries):

The final incomplete spinal injury is Brown-Sequard. This translates to ipsilateral motor and contralateral sensory function deficit as it relates to the site of injury.

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