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[personal profile] calzephyr
Longan - noun.

A longan, also called a dragon's eye is both the name of a tree and the edible fruit produced by that tree. The trees thrive in mainland China, Vietnam, and Taiwan. The name is derived from lùhng-ngáahn, which literally means "dragon's eye" in Cantonese. Once the fruit is peeled, the inside flesh looks somewhat like an eyeball.


A branch bearing many light brown fruits
Public Domain, Link


calzephyr: Scott Pilgrim generator (Default)
[personal profile] calzephyr
Zongzi - noun.

Westerners may know them as rice dumplings or sticky rice dumplings, but these handy dinner items have many variations as well as regional names. Originating in China, zongzi, is a ball of glutinous rice stuffed with different fillings such as a variety of meats, and neatly wrapped in bamboo or other flat leaves.


Zongzi.jpg
By The original uploader was Allentchang at English Wikipedia. - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons., CC BY-SA 3.0, Link


[identity profile] sallymn.livejournal.com

chinoiserie [sheen-wah-zuh-ree]
noun:
1. A decorative style in Western art, furniture, and architecture, especially in the 18th century, characterized by the use of Chinese motifs and techniques.
1.1. Chinoiserie objects or decorations

Examples:

Recently I planned a small boudoir in a country house that depended on a gay Chinoiserie paper for its charm. (Elsie de Wolfe, The House in Good Taste)

Garner shows a Lambeth mug embodying this style of decoration combined with a suggestion of Chinoiserie around the waist. (C Malcolm Watkins, The Cultural History of Marlborough, Virginia)

... and of course coms visual examples.

Origin:

In 1670, King Louis XIV had the Trianon de Porcelaine erected at Versailles. It was a small structure-a pleasure house built for the king's mistress-and it was decorated with chinoiserie and faced with faience tiles with a blue and white chinoiserie pattern. The building persists in history as the first major example of chinoiserie-the English word is borrowed straight from French, which based the word on chinois, its word for "Chinese"-but the trend it began long outlasted the building itself, which was destroyed a mere 17 years later to make way for the Grand Trianon. Chinoiserie itself was popular throughout the 17th and 18th centuries and enjoyed a brief revival in the 1930s. And people still enjoy it today. (Merriam Webster)


[identity profile] ersatz-read.livejournal.com
erhu (är′ho͞o′), noun
A Chinese stringed instrument that has two strings stretched from a soundbox along a long thin neck; it is played with a bow.

More information here.

Etymology:  from Mandarin èrhú, 'two'.

I was able to hear a musician play the erhu at the China Lights lantern display a couple weeks ago.
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
鬼佬 (gweilo)

Noun:   Historically a derogatory term, gweilo is a Cantonese slang word that refers to foreigners, especially Caucasians. It literally translates into "ghost man" with gwei () meaning "ghost" or "demon" and lo (佬) meaning "man."

It rose in popularity in the early 1800s, and is still commonly used in Hong Kong, but without any real malice nowadays.
[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
In honor of the famous Chinese New Year parade -- bringing in the Year of the Ram -- taking place in San Francisco this weekend, let us learn words pertaining to that celebration & culture.

ni·an gao [nyan-gow]:
origin: [722–481 BC] Chinese; "nin gou" in Cantonese; similar sound= "year high" (年高), symbolizing higher income/position/success/health.

noun
A cake made of glutinous rice flour, wheat starch, salt, water and sugar -- prepared for the new year. People eat them in belief that it will increase luck & success. A tradition dating back 3,000 years, the cakes started as a food created as an offering in ritual ceremonies, eventually turning into a Spring Festival food. [recipe] + [video]

The desserts have a very firm appearance to a Westerner and there is a historical reason for this, as they are made in honor of Prime Minister Wu Zixu, who remarked that a large wall (recently built) would not be enough to protect people in times of war, to avoid sloth and idleness -- he told people it was important to also dig a hole underneath the walls. After Wu Zixu passed away, his words proved true as the people suffered during another invasion, but when they recalled the Prime Minister's earlier proclamation and dug into the ground...they found "special bricks" which were made of gluttonous rice, put there as a secret gift, and providing a much needed source of food, and therefore they did not starve to death.

These new year cakes represent those "bricks".


Cakes can also be cut into pieces, dipped in egg or sugar, and pan-fried.



Jujubes )
[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
wu·xia [ˈwo͝oˈSHyä/]:
origin: (770 BC) Chinese; = "military" + xiá= "knight errant"

noun or adjective|
Are you a fan of the popular animated show Legend of Korra, or perhaps Hong Kong films, or Korean period dramas? Then perhaps you're already more familiar with this word than you realize. It may also interest people who enjoy fantasy such as Lord of The Rings, the outfits and lands may be different, but topics like sword & sorcery, and good vs. evil, are all delightfully similar.

The direct translation of wuxia is "martial hero", a type of warrior, which can apply to males & females, as well as the entire adventure & chivalry genre that such characters appear within. I suppose it makes sense then that Marvel artist Carmine di Giandomenico had the inspiration to re-vamp the hero Longshot in such garb (despite his lack of Asian origin).

The true origin of these real-life knights stemmed from clashing feudal systems and evolved, as well as re-evolved, much like the Samurai of Japan. Confucianism saw them as a threat to social harmony and as a challenge to Han authority during the reign of Emperor Liu Bang. Many retreated, became obscure and were useful leaders among peasants (though uneducated beyond warrior skills). A new wuxia arose though, in the form of Shaolin monks, a much-needed force of justice in the countryside where bandits and invading barbarians caused great suffering.


Image and video hosting by TinyPic

"He is honest in words, effective in action, faithful in keeping promises, fearless in offering his own life to free the righteous from bondage." - Sima Qian

"He treasures the state, friendship, duty, promises, kindness, vengeance, honor, and righteousness more than his own life." - Liang Qichao
med_cat: (Default)
[personal profile] med_cat

Language of origin: Chinese

About the Word:

To "kowtow" is to agree too easily or eagerly to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems weak.

It comes from the Chinese kòutóukòu ("to knock") plus tóu ("head") – and originally referred to kneeling and touching one's head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to a revered authority.

In traditional China, this ritual was performed by commoners making requests to the local magistrate, by the emperor to the shrine of Confucius, or by foreign representatives appearing before the emperor to establish trade relations.

In the late 18th century, some Western nations resisted performing the ritual, which acknowledged the Chinese emperor as the "son of heaven."

The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on the "fawn" or "suck up" verb meaning we use today.

(From Merriam-Webster Online Top Ten list of favourite words from foreign languages)

[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
Happy Chinese New Year! Last year I brought you a thorough explanation of Lion Dance, which is as much an art as a survivor of severe religious persecution. This year let's celebrate China's influence on the English language and get "gung ho" about Gong Hey Fat Choy!


My Little Pony made an exclusive doll for Year of The Horse


工合
gung·ho [ɡʌŋ həʊ]:
origin: (1942) Mandarin; slang, kung= work + ho= together (short for: Gongye Hezhoushe) via WWII.

adjective
1. showing earnest excitement, ready to accomplish a goal or cause, possibly over-zealous
2. passionate about militaristic exercises or combat; "can do" attitude
from the elite Marines: Major Evans Carlson's Gung Ho Battalion

DO YOU HAVE A FAVORITE CHINESE WORD?
[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
Li·on Dance (ˈlaɪən dɑːns):
origin: unknown; T'ang Dynasty (618-906 A.D.), Chinese word for lion: shi resembles Persian: shir

noun
舞狮; wǔshī; Traditional Chinese dance with costumed performers made to look like fanciful lions -- used to ward off evil spirits as well as bring good luck, especially at Chinese New Year. The origin is mysterious, as lions are not animals native to China and several tales attempt to explain reasons behind the concept, though no singular explanation is known as fact.

Dances are usually divided into Wenshi (civil lion) & Wushi (martial lion). Wenshi depicts docility and humor: scratching, frolicking, or sleeping (sometimes seen with "The Laughing Monk" who is said to have tamed the beast). Wushi portrays the power of the lion: jumping, balancing, and tumbling acrobatics.

A tradition starting with Buddhist temples until Manchurians took over China in 1644 when practitioners were killed, scattered, and their temples destroyed along with much irrecoverable ancient knowledge. Survivors could not safely be open about their beliefs, but opened martial arts schools throughout the country. Lion Dancing became associated with Kung Fu schools instead -- keeping their auspicious abilities for a very desirous population while avoiding religious prosecution.

Lion Dancing in San Francisco's Chinatown )


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