sallymn: (words 6)
[personal profile] sallymn

mudlark [muhd-lahrk]

noun:
1a Chiefly British. a person who gains a livelihood by searching for iron, coal, old ropes, etc., in mud or low tide
1b someone who scavenges the banks and shores of rivers for items of value

2 Chiefly British Informal. a street urchin

3 either of two black and white birds, Grallina cyanoleuca, of Australia, or G. bruijni, of New Guinea, that builds a large, mud nest


(click to enlarge)

verb:
to play, dig, or search in mud or on muddy ground

Examples:

Mudlarking's popularity has grown steadily in recent years, driven in part by social media communities where enthusiasts share their finds, and tour groups that offer a trudge through the shards of history's castoffs (Megan Specia, Mudlarks Scour the Thames to Uncover 2,000 Years of Secrets, The New York Times, February 2020)

On a freezing January day during the recent cold snap, those walking along The Weirs might have been surprised to see Jane Eastman - Winchester's premier mudlark - waist-deep in the Itchen, bent double as she scoured the riverbed not so much for treasure, as trash. (Sebastian Haw, Hampshire mudlark looks for treasure and trash in Itchen, Hampshire Chronicle, January 2025)

Thames mud - damp and oxygen-free - is a 'magical preserver', Maiklem writes, and extracting an object from its embrace takes care, skill and an extraordinary level of patience, from both the mudlark and those who share her household. (Joanna Scutts, Unearthing London's history from a muddy riverbank, The Washington Post, December 2019)

"It always makes me smile, how emphatically people say, 'the piping shrike — that's the mudlark, we call it the mudlark' … and just how powerfully this myth has stuck," he said. (Daniel Keane, Magpies, magpie-larks and the striking mystery of South Australia's piping shrike, ABC News, March 2024)

Origin:

The first published use of the word was in 1785 as a slang term meaning 'a hog'. Its origin may have been a humorous variation on 'skylark'. By 1796, the word was also being used to describe "Men and boys ... who prowl about, and watch under the ships when the tide will permit." Mudlarks made a living in London in the 18th and 19th centuries by scouring the muddy shores of the River Thames for anything and everything that could be sold to eke out a living. This could include pilfering from river traffic. Modern mudlarks have sometimes recovered objects of archaeological value from the river's shores. These are either recorded as treasure under the Treasure Act of 1996 or submitted for analysis and review under the Portable Antiquities Scheme. (Word Genius)

sallymn: (words 6)
[personal profile] sallymn

vilipend [vil-uh-pend]

verb:
(Archaic)
1 to regard or treat as of little value or account.
2 to vilify; depreciate.

Examples:

The fact that to the eighteenth century belong the subjects of more than half of these thirty volumes, is a proof of the fascination of the period for an author who has never ceased to vilipend it. (John Morley, Critical Miscellanies, Volume 1)

What discontent thus change in the doth move?
What wrong, (alas !), or what offence in me,
Thus maks the loath and vilipend my love ? (Sir William Mure, Dido and Aeneas)

He became a gay visitor, and such a reveller, that in process of time he was observed to vilipend the modest fare which had at first been esteemed a banquet by his hungry appetite, and thereby highly displeased my wife. (Sir Walter Scott, Waverley)

I would not willingly vilipend any Christian, if, peradventure, he deserveth that epithet. (Tobias Smollett, Humphry Clinker)

Origin:

Etymologically speaking, to define vilipend using vilify is to commit a tautology, since both derive from Latin vilis, vile or worthless, which is also obviously enough the source of English vile. Vilipend also includes the verb pendere, to weigh or estimate. To vilipend is to weigh somebody in the balance and find them not worth considering. It appeared in English in the fifteenth century and was a popular term right down into the nineteenth, though it has since dropped out of sight. (World Wide Words)

[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
sum·to·la [səm/tō-lah]:
origin: [1800s] Latin; sum "equally" + tola= "weight; unit"

noun
I dare say that unless you're an East Indian weight-lifter, you may fall into "girly-man" status!

Indian barbells or sumtola are serious business, the height in resistance training -- no need for fancy metal benches or designer Nike™ threads to get this workout on; you're looking at ancient tools for improving core strength and grips of pehlwani (wrestling; kushti) of both Muslim & Hindu athletes (particularly in the 12th - 14th century when interest reached a peek). In fact, some hundreds years later, Western colonials got their ideas for weight-lifting from these ancient traditions!

Typically made of babhul wood (sort of sounds like "barbell"); gum arabic tree, Egyptian thorn, prickly acacia, etc. Modern versions of these objects can be made of American wood trees and have been featured on the television program The Biggest Loser. In the 1900's "Strong Men" became pioneers in Western weight-lifting; they traveled the country, sometimes as part of a circus, exhibiting these techniques with seemingly miraculous acts of strength and even competed against one another to break records.

"Indian Clubs" -- a misnomer as they're truly from Iran -- or meels were particularly popular in the Victorian era when exercise was explored as an option from men in service to proper ladies alike! Meels appeared in two major Olympic competitions: 1904 & 1932, and were even carried by suffragettes to thwart off police!

Adapting techniques from ancient India & Iran was a positive step toward understanding the physical benefits of exercise without the (banned) violence of gladiator rinks!


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Types: gadas (maces), joris (heavy clubs), nals (stone weights), gar nal (stone wheel), sumtola (Indian barbell), Mallakhamb (pole), etc.

warning: hunks under the cut )

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