[identity profile] sallymn.livejournal.com

presage [noun pres-ij; verb pres-ij, pri-seyj]
1 adjective:
1a Be a sign or warning of (an imminent event, typically an unwelcome one)
1b (archaic, of a person) predict
2 noun:
2a An omen or portent; warning or indication of the future
2b (archaic) A feeling of presentiment or foreboding

Examples:

In the Optimist production, this number is sung twice; its first appearance comes at the top of the show and is rendered by Hero, who unwittingly presages the way she herself will later be undone by Claudio. (Mike Fischer, Much Ado About Nothing leans hard on gags Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 2017)

Rather than zoom in on a single disorienting upheaval in a character’s life, the novel endeavors to show how, these days, every aspect of everyone’s life feels threatened, and how every decision seems to presage a duel between individual survival and collective action. (Lauren Oyler, Are Novels Trapped by the Present?The New Yorker, 2020)

These stamps are not a response to recent events, but a presage - Toguo has been exploring these ideas for years. As early as the mid-1990s, he was working on a series of confrontational performances entitled Transit. (Dale Berning Sawa, Unfamiliar territory: artists navigate the complexities of the refugee crisis The Guardian, 2017)

In their eyes it was blood, and a presage of dreadful slaughter. (Emily Sarah Holt, Robin Tremayne: A Story of the Marian Persecutio)

But your face to-night is like a presage of calamity, like the dull, livid sky that goes before a thunderstorm. (M E Braddon, Phantom Fortune)

Origin:

Late Middle English (as a noun): via French from Latin praesagium, from praesagire 'forebode', from prae 'before' + sagire 'perceive keenly'. (Oxford English Dictionary)

The verb presage was predated by a noun presage, meaning 'omen.' Both forms derive from the Latin prefix prae- combined with the adjective sagus, meaning 'prophetic.' Foretell, predict, forecast, prophesy, and presage all mean 'to tell beforehand.' Foretell applies to telling of a future event by any procedure or any source of information ('seers foretold the calamity'). Predict commonly implies inference from facts or accepted laws of nature ('astronomers predicted an eclipse'). Forecast implies anticipating eventualities and is usually concerned with probabilities ('to forecast snow'). Prophesy connotes inspired or mystic knowledge of the future ('prophesying a new messiah'). Presage may apply to suggesting a coming event or indicating its likelihood. (Merriam-Webster)


[identity profile] sallymn.livejournal.com

debonair [deb-uh-nair]
adjective:
1 courteous, gracious, and having a sophisticated charm:
2 jaunty; carefree; sprightly.

Examples:

Neal is the charming and debonair criminal I created for the show, played brilliantly by Matt Bomer. (Jeff Eastin, 'White Collar' Creator Jeff Eastin: My Biggest Con, 2017)

The smiling, confident, debonair officer was changed into a stricken, mournful man. (Louis Tracy, The Wings of the Morning)

Bow ties always look debonair á la James Bond, but Southern men can wear them in every color and pattern under the sun for a little extra flair (Kaitlyn Yarborough, What Does It Really Mean To Have Southern Taste?, Sothern Living, 2018)

Origin:

c. 1200, 'mild, gentle, kind courteous,' from Old French debonaire, from de bon' aire 'of good race,' originally used of hawks, hence, 'thoroughbred' (opposite of French demalaire); aire here is perhaps from Latin ager 'place, field' (from PIE root agro- 'field') on notion of 'place of origin.' Used in Middle English to mean 'docile, courteous,' it became obsolete and was revived with an altered sense of 'pleasantly light-hearted and affable' (1680s). OED says it is 'now a literary archaism, often assimilated in spelling to modern French débonnaire. (Online Etymological Dictionary)

In Anglo-French, someone who was genteel and well-brought-up was described as 'deboneire' - literally 'of good family or nature' (from three words: 'de bon aire'). When the word was borrowed into English in the 13th century, it basically meant 'courteous,' a narrow sense now pretty much obsolete. Today's 'debonair' incorporates charm, polish, and worldliness, often combined with a carefree attitude (think James Bond). And yes, we tend to use this sense mostly, though not exclusively, of men. In the 19th century, we took the 'carefree' part and made it a sense all its own. 'The crowd that throngs the wharf as the steamer draws alongside is gay and debonair; it is a noisy, cheerful, gesticulating crowd,' wrote Somerset Maugham in 1919 in his novel The Moon and Sixpence. (Merriam-Webster)


med_cat: (Default)
[personal profile] med_cat
harbinger, n.

har·​bin·​ger | \ ˈhär-bən-jər

1a : something that foreshadows a future event : something that gives an anticipatory sign of what is to come "robins, crocuses, and other harbingers of spring"
b : one that initiates a major change : a person or thing that originates or helps open up a new activity, method, or technology :" pioneer the great legal harbinger of the New Deal revolution— Time a harbinger of nanotechnology the harbingers of peace to a hitherto distracted … people"— David Livingstone
2 archaic : a person sent ahead to provide lodgings

Did you know?

When medieval travelers needed lodging for the night, they went looking for a harbinger. As long ago as the 12th century, "harbinger" was used to mean "one who provides lodging" or "a host," but that meaning is now obsolete. By the late 1300s, "harbinger" was also being used for a person sent ahead of a main party to seek lodgings, often for royalty or a campaigning army, but that old sense has largely been left in the past, too. Both of those historical senses are true to the Anglo-French parent of "harbinger," the word herberge, meaning "lodgings." The most common sense of the word nowadays, the "forerunner" sense, has been with us since the mid-1500s.

First known use:

14th century

Etymology

Middle English herbergere, from Anglo-French, host, from herberge camp, lodgings, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German heriberga
med_cat: (Default)
[personal profile] med_cat
Greetings, everyone.

Apologies for my prolonged and unannounced absence. I will try to avoid such in the future.

Many thanks to everyone for posting and commenting to keep this community alive.

And now, here's a word from one of the Merriam-Webster Online quizzes:
~~~

bezonian n., sometimes capitalized
be·​zo·​ni·​an | \ bə-ˈzō-nē-ən, bē-, -nyən\

1 archaic : a military recruit
2 archaic : a mean dishonest person : scoundrel

Etymology

modification (influenced by English -ian) of Italian bisogno recruit from Spain, literally, need, from Medieval Latin bisonium

[identity profile] sallymn.livejournal.com

egregious [ih-gree-juh s, -jee-uh s ]
adjective:

1 outstandingly bad; shocking, conspicuously bad, flagrant

2 (archaic) remarkably good,

Examples:

In one particularly egregious example about midway through, Gyllenhaal’s Mysterio actually climbs atop a bar and launches into an extended explanation of the film’s plot. (Mike Scott, ‘Spider-Man: Far From Home’ movie review: Fun, but far from perfect, nola.com)

By Hugo's brother I will be tried on no charge; seeing that he is, was, and ever will be - in charity I speak it - an egregious fool. (Anon, Three Courses and a Dessert)

Above all, we cannot play ducks and drakes with a native battery of idioms which prescribes egregious collocations of vocables as the Basic put up with for tolerate, or put at a loss for bewilder. (Professor Lancelot Hogben Interglossia, quoted by George Orwell, Politics and the English Language)

Origin:

Mid 16th century (in sense 2)): from Latin egregius 'illustrious', literally 'standing out from the flock', from ex- 'out' + grex, greg- 'flock'. Sense 1 (late 16th century) probably arose as an ironic use (Oxford English Dictionary)

Egregious derives from the Latin word egregius, meaning 'distinguished' or 'eminent'. In its earliest English uses, egregious was a compliment to someone who had a remarkably good quality that placed him or her eminently above others. That's how English philosopher and theorist Thomas Hobbes used it in flattering a colleague when he remarked, "I am not so egregious a mathematician as you are." Since Hobbes' day, however, the meaning of the word has become noticeably less complimentary, possibly as a result of ironic use of its original sensse. (Merriam-Webster)




[identity profile] sallymn.livejournal.com

slubberdegullion [wool-gath-er-ing]
noun:
1. (archaic) a slovenly or worthless person.

Examples:

(This is a variant, but the whole passage is so fabulously insulting that I have to quote it. It’s also where I first heard the word years ago on this website....

The bun-sellers or cake-makers were in nothing inclinable to their request; but, which was worse, did injure them most outrageously, called them prattling gabblers, lickorous gluttons, freckled bittors, mangy rascals, shite-a-bed scoundrels, drunken roysters, sly knaves, drowsy loiterers, slapsauce fellows, slabberdegullion druggels, lubberly louts, cozening foxes, ruffian rogues, paltry customers, sycophant-varlets, drawlatch hoydens, flouting milksops, jeering companions, staring clowns, forlorn snakes, ninny lobcocks, scurvy sneaksbies, fondling fops, base loons, saucy coxcombs, idle lusks, scoffing braggarts, noddy meacocks, blockish grutnols, doddipol-joltheads, jobbernol goosecaps, foolish loggerheads, flutch calf-lollies, grouthead gnat-snappers, lob-dotterels, gaping changelings, codshead loobies, woodcock slangams, ninny-hammer flycatchers, noddypeak simpletons, turdy gut, shitten shepherds, and other suchlike defamatory epithets; saying further, that it was not for them to eat of these dainty cakes, but might very well content themselves with the coarse unranged bread, or to eat of the great brown household loaf. (Rabelais, Gargantua and Pantagruel translated by Thomas Urquhart in 1653)

Origin:

1610s, from slubber "to daub, smear; behave carelessly or negligently" (1520s), probably from Dutch or Low German (cf. slobber (v.)). Second element appears to be an attempt to imitate French; or perhaps it is French, related to Old French goalon "a sloven." Century Dictionary speculates the -de- means "insignificant" or else is from hobbledehoy. (Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper)

C17: from slubber (chiefly dialect variant of slobber) + invented ending (Collins Dictionary)


[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
brind·ed [ˈbrindəd]:
origin: (1623) Middle English; Old Norse brǫndóttr.



adjective [also, brindled]
Archaic; an animal that is beige, tan, grey or neutral in color with darker striations or markings on top -- such as a brown tabby cat.

Quotes:
"Thrice the brinded cat hath mew'd." — Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Macbeth
"Glory be to God for dappled things / For skies of couple colour as a brinded cow — Gerard Manley Hopkins, Pied Beauty

other brinded animals )
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
vitriol: [vi-tree-uh l]

Noun:

1. In Chemistry: An archaic name for a sulfate.

2. Sulfuric acid.  Historically known as oil of vitriol.

3.Something highly caustic or severe in effect, as criticism. This is the definition that is most widely used nowadays.

Origin: 1350-1400; Middle English, Latin: from vitreolum meaning "glassy" (descriptive of the glassy appearance of the several metallic sulfates.)
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
Gadzooks:

interjection/exclamation: (a mild oath)

Origin:   Late 1600s, English, archaic.

So... just how many of our seemingly benign exclamations and slang terms have potentially offensive or blasphemous origins?

The exclamation "gadzooks" sounds so silly and innocent in our modern language, but it's origins are believed to come from the exclamation "God's hooks" indicating the nails of the Crucifixion. A conversation led me to wonder at the origin of this silly word, and I was pretty surprised at what I found! :-)    (Other variations ranging from the even sillier to the possibly even more offensive: gadsbobs, godsookers, gadslid, and gadsniggers)
[identity profile] trellia-chan.livejournal.com
illecebrous: I cannot find a good pronunciation key for this word, but I believe the emphasis is on the second syllable.  It's an archaic word, but not obsolete.

adjective: Tending to attract; enticing, alluring.

Origin:  Latin: illecere (to entice) +‎ -ous.
med_cat: (Default)
[personal profile] med_cat
#6: Snickersnee                                                           

Definition:

1 archaic : to engage in cut-and-thrust fighting with knives 2 : a large knife

Example:

"Oh, never shall I / Forget the cry, / Or the shriek that shrieked he, / As I gnashed my teeth, / When from its sheath / I drew my snickersnee!" — The Mikado by W. S. Gilbert

About the Word:

Snickersnee comes from the Dutch phrase steken of snijden, "to thrust or cut." Over time, snick and snee, snick-or-snee, and snickersnee followed.

Source: another one from Merriam-Webster's Top Ten List: Funny-sounding and interesting words.

Read more at http://www.merriam-webster.com/top-ten-lists/top-10-funny-sounding-and-interesting-words/snickersnee.html#Bye7110uqiEeyqKq.99
[identity profile] theidolhands.livejournal.com
fu·lig·i·nous [fjuːˈlɪdʒɪnəs]:
origin: (1621) Latin; fuligin- or fuligo= soot, fumus= smoke

adjective
Sooty, Obscure, Murky; Darker than black.


Example: The CIA's files were filled with such fuliginous data that it made understanding what truly happened an impossible task.

Example: The fuliginous robe hid a multitude of sins and equally contrasted the inner glow that her round face expressed.

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